Cumberland County, Illinois

Founding: 1843
Parent county: Coles

Namesake: The Cumberland Road (or National Road), which bisects the county
Seat: Greenup (1843–1855); Prairie City (1855–1856); Toledo (1856–)

Land area: 346 square miles

Population (2020): 10,450

Population (historic): 3,718 (1850); 12,223 (1870); 15,433 (1890); 14,281 (1910); 10,419 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1850–1900; 1930s; 1970s; 1990s

Subdivisions: One city; six villages; eight townships

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 1,084 (22.2%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 36.1%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 1.6%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 11.7%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 8.2%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $1,003
Average outbuilding value (1930): $610

Average farmhouse size (1940): 5.2 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 1,982
Average farm size (1920): 90.1 acres
Sources of settlement: Indiana, Ohio, and Wisconsin
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Toledo

Namesake: Unclear—perhaps Toledo, Spain

Founding: 1854 (platting); 1866 (incorporation); 1881 (post office)

Population (2020): 1,161

Population (historic): 676 (1890); 900 (1910); 733 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1890–1910; 1930–1980; 2000s
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 175 (29%)
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Outstanding Buildings

1. Carpenter House (c. 1875). 1262 Road 2100 North. Union. Razed.
2. Thornton Ward House (c. 1875). 1387 US Highway 40. Woodbury. Italianate. Razed.

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