Madison County, Illinois

Founding: 1812
Parent counties: Randolph and St. Clair

Namesake: James Madison, U.S. president
Seat: Edwardsville (1812–)

Land area: 716 square miles

Population (2020): 264,776

Population (historic): 13,550 (1820); 20,441 (1850); 44,131 (1870); 64,694 (1900); 143,830 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1820; 1830–1970; 1980–2010

Subdivisions: Ten cities; 19 villages; three CDPs; 24 townships

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 15,823 (13.2%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 48.3%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 19.5%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 6.7%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 9.1%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $1,839
Average outbuilding value (1930): $1,286

Average farmhouse size (1940): 5.7 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 3,454
Average farm size (1920): 99.5 acres
Sources of settlement: Germany, Missouri, Ireland, Switzerland, England, and Ohio
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Edwardsville

Namesake: Ninian Edwards, Illinois territorial governor

Founding: 1809 (founding); 1815 (post office); 1818 (incorporation)

Population (2020): 26,808

Population (historic): 677 (1850); 2,193 (1870); 3,561 (1890); 5,014 (1910); 6,235 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1850–2020
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 1,389 (15.1%)
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Outstanding Buildings

1. Charles Gerling House (c. 1850). 6805 State Route 162. Collinsville. Greek Revival.
2. Jacob Kinder House (1867). 2470 Kinder Place. Edwardsville. Italianate.
3. Nelson Montgomery House (c. 1855). 3120 Old Troy Road. Edwardsville.
4. Frederick Gaertner Inn (c. 1855). 6587 Miller Drive. Fort Russell. Razed.
5. Henry Engelhart Farm (c. 1860). 6038 St. James Road. Fort Russell.
6. Monticello College President's Home (1856). 5800 Godfrey Road. Godfrey. Italianate.
7. William Martin House (c. 1860). 6722 Godfrey Road. Godfrey.
8. St. Paul's Lutheran Church (1930–1931). 6969 West Frontage Road. Hamel. Gothic Revival.
9. Xavier Suppiger House (c. 1870). 12274 Highland Road. Helvetia. Razed.
10. Louis Latzer Farm (c. 1895). 1464 Old Trenton Road. Helvetia. Queen Anne.
11. St. John the Baptist Catholic Church (1883–1884). 8928 Lebanon Road. Jarvis. Romanesque.
12. Emsley Keown Farm (c. 1870). 10313 Gilomen Road. Marine. Second Empire.
13. Jacob Spies House (c. 1845). 10325 Hunter School Road. Marine.
14. Oakdale / Solomon Mudge Farm (1853/1910s). 4512 Mudge Road. Saline. Italianate/Mediterranean Revival.

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