Madison County, Illinois

Founding: 1812
Parent counties: Randolph and St. Clair

Namesake: James Madison, U.S. president
Seat: Edwardsville (1812–)

Land area: 716 square miles

Population (2020): 264,776

Population (historic): 13,550 (1820); 20,441 (1850); 44,131 (1870); 64,694 (1900); 143,830 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1820; 1830–1970; 1980–2010

Subdivisions: Ten cities; 19 villages; three CDPs; 24 townships

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 15,823 (13.2%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 48.3%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 19.5%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 6.7%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 9.1%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $1,839
Average outbuilding value (1930): $1,286

Average farmhouse size (1940): 5.7 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 3,454
Average farm size (1920): 99.5 acres
Sources of settlement: Germany, Missouri, Ireland, Switzerland, England, and Ohio
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Edwardsville

Namesake: Ninian Edwards, Illinois territorial governor

Founding: 1809 (founding); 1815 (post office); 1818 (incorporation)

Population (2020): 26,808

Population (historic): 677 (1850); 2,193 (1870); 3,561 (1890); 5,014 (1910); 6,235 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1850–2020
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 1,389 (15.1%)
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