Essex County, New Jersey

Founding: 1683
Parent county: Unorganized territory

Namesake: Essex, England
Seat: Newark (1683–)

Land area: 126 square miles

Population (2020): 863,728

Population (historic): 17,785 (1790); 44,621 (1840); 143,839 (1870); 359,053 (1900); 833,513 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1790–1970; 1990s; 2010s

Subdivisions: Two cities; five boroughs; 15 townships

National Register listings: 178

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 98,695 (30.9%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 40.9%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 17%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 5.5%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 5.5%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $6,221
Average outbuilding value (1930): $4,327
Average farmhouse size (1940): 6.5 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 375
Average farm size (1920): 26.8 acres
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Newark

Namesake: Uncertain—perhaps Newark-on-Trent, England

Founding: 1666 (founding); 1693 (incorporation); 1776 (post office)

Population (2020): 311,549

Population (historic): 8,008 (1810); 17,290 (1840); 105,059 (1870); 246,070 (1900); 442,337 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1810; 1820–1930; 1940s; 2000–2020
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 26,116 (23%)
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Outstanding Buildings

1. *Stone House Plains Dutch Reformed Church (1801/1857/1910). 10 Bellevue Avenue. Bloomfield. Italianate.
2. *Nathaniel Crane House (c. 1810). 29 Clinton Road. Caldwell.
3. *Fairfield Dutch Reformed Church (1804). 360 Fairfield Road. Caldwell. Georgian.
4. *Jacobus House (c. 1725). 178 Grove Avenue. Caldwell.
5. *Peter Van Ness House (c. 1740/1840). 236 Little Falls Road. Caldwell.
6. *Samuel Harrison House (c. 1835). 153 Orton Road. Caldwell. Greek Revival. Razed.
7. *Benjamin Canfield House (c. 1845). 903 Pompton Avenue. Caldwell.
8. *Joseph Cory House (c. 1750/1830). 2 Springdale Road. Caldwell. Federal.
9. *Zenas Crane House (c. 1870). 289 Westville Avenue. Caldwell. Italianate.
10. *Vreeland House (c. 1702). 216 Chestnut Street. Franklin.
11. *Joseph Kingsland House (c. 1790). 3 Kingsland Street. Franklin.
12. *Van Riper House (1708). 491 River Road. Franklin.
13. *Amos Williams House (c. 1824). 126 Eagle Rock Avenue. Livingston. Federal.
14. *Israel Crane House (1796/1840s). 110 Orange Road. Montclair. Greek Revival.
15. *George Dittig House (c. 1860). 474 Upper Mountain Avenue. Montclair. Second Empire.
16. *Thomas Van Reyper House (1872). 848 Valley Road. Montclair. Italianate.