Essex County, New Jersey

Founding: 1683
Parent county: Unorganized territory

Namesake: Essex, England
Seat: Newark (1683–)

Land area: 126 square miles

Population (2020): 863,728

Population (historic): 17,785 (1790); 44,621 (1840); 143,839 (1870); 359,053 (1900); 833,513 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1790–1970; 1990s; 2010s

Subdivisions: Two cities; five boroughs; 15 townships

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 98,695 (30.9%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 40.9%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 17%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 5.5%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 5.5%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $6,221
Average outbuilding value (1930): $4,327
Average farmhouse size (1940): 6.5 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 375
Average farm size (1920): 26.8 acres
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Newark

Namesake: Uncertain—perhaps Newark-on-Trent, England

Founding: 1666 (founding); 1693 (incorporation); 1776 (post office)

Population (2020): 311,549

Population (historic): 8,008 (1810); 17,290 (1840); 105,059 (1870); 246,070 (1900); 442,337 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1810; 1820–1930; 1940s; 2000–2020
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 26,116 (23%)
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