Rockbridge County, Virginia

Founding: 1778
Parent counties: Augusta and Botetourt

Namesake: Natural Bridge, a rock formation within the county
Seat: Lexington (1778–)

Land area: 598 square miles

Population (2020): 22,650

Population (historic): 6,548 (1790); 14,284 (1840); 16,058 (1870); 21,799 (1900); 20,902 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1790–1860; 1870–1890; 1920–1960; 1970–2020

Subdivisions: Two cities; two towns

National Register listings: 50 (plus 18 in Lexington and five in Buena Vista)

Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 1,589 (13.9%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 35.1%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 26.9%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 8.5%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 28.3%
Average farmhouse value (1930): $1,554
Average outbuilding value (1930): $905
Average farmhouse size (1940): 6 rooms
Number of farms (1920): 2,014
Average farm size (1920): 73.4 acres
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Lexington

Namesake: Lexington, Massachusetts

Founding: 1778 (platting); 1792 (post office)

Population (2020): 7,320

Population (historic): 1,743 (1850); 2,873 (1870); 3,059 (1890); 2,931 (1910); 3,752 (1930)

Periods of population growth: pre-1850–1870; 1880–1900; 1920–1970; 2000–2020
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 775 (31.7%)
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Outstanding Buildings

1. *William Alphin House (c. 1855). 2588 Big Hill Road. Italianate.
2. *Zachariah Johnston House (1797). 130 Clifnell Lane. Federal.
3. *Vineyard Hill / Alexander Beggs House (c. 1774). 2880 Forge Road.
4. *Elmwood (1818). 356 Furr's Mill Road. Federal.
5. *Glen Maury / Elisha Paxton House (c. 1832). Glen Maury Road, northeast of Maury River Road. Federal.
6. *Locust Hill / John Hamilton Farm (1826). 367 Heah Ton Lane. Federal.
7. *Vine Forest / Houston–Walton House (c. 1806/1812/1916). 20 Houston Tavern Lane. Federal.
8. *Sunnyside / Moore–Barclay House (c. 1795/1805/1865). 160 Kendal Drive.
9. *Maple Hall / John Gibson House (c. 1855). 3111 Lee Highway. Greek Revival.
10. *Fancy Hill / Thomas Welch House (1821/1831/1840s). 3719 Lee Highway. Federal.
11. *Mulberry Hill / Reid–Latane House (c. 1797/1850/1903). 115 Liberty Hall Road. Federal/Classical Revival.
12. *New Providence Presbyterian Church (1859). 1208 New Providence Road. Greek Revival.
13. *Rockbridge Inn / Galbraith–Parsons Inn (1821–1823/1841/1880s). 2 Parsons Lane. Eastlake.
14. *Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church (1755/1871). 73 Sam Houston Way.
15. *Church Hill / Horatio Thompson Farm (1848). 78 Sam Houston Way. Greek Revival.
16. *Steele's Fort / Steele Farm (c. 1760). 31 Steele's Fort Loop.
17. *Thorn Hill / John Bowyer House (c. 1792). 1196 Thornhill Road. Federal.
18. *Glengyle / Fleming–Burks–Stevens Farm (c. 1800/1856/1897). 251 Virginia Manor Lane. Italianate.