Caledonia County, Vermont

Founding: 1796 (declared in 1792)
Parent county: Orange
Namesake: A poetic reference to the country of Scotland
Seat: Danville (1796–1856); St. Johnsbury (1856–)
Land area: 649 square miles
Population (2020): 30,233
Population (historic): 9,377 (1800); 21,891 (1840); 22,235 (1870); 24,381 (1900); 27,253 (1930)
Periods of population growth: pre-1800–1810; 1820–1850; 1860–1880; 1890–1910; 1920s; 1970–2010
Subdivisions: Two villages; 11 CDPs; 17 towns
National Register listings: 57
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 5,231 (32.7%)
Pre-1940 housing survival rate: 74.9%
Pre-1860 housing survival rate (1940): 34.2%

Farm housing in disrepair (1950): 12.8%

Nonfarm housing in disrepair (1950): 6.9%

Average farmhouse value (1930): $1,404
Average outbuilding value (1930): $1,311

Average farmhouse size (1940): 7.5 rooms

Number of farms (1920): 2,313
Average farm size (1920): 56.2 acres
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St. Johnsbury

 
Namesake: Unknown
Founding: 1786 (founding); 1790 (incorporation); 1802 (post office)
Population (2020): 7,364
Population (historic): 663 (1800); 1,887 (1840); 4,665 (1870); 7,010 (1900); 9,696 (1930)
Periods of population growth: pre-1790–1930; 1940s; 2000s
Pre-1940 residences (estimated): 1,471 (51.9%)
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Outstanding Buildings

1. *William Gilkerson Farm (c. 1800). 1068 Kitchel Hill Road. Barnet.
2. *Burklyn Hall / Elmer Darling Estate (1904–1908). 2864 Darling Hill Road. Burke. Classical Revival.
3. *Grouselands / Stephen Waterman House (c. 1865/1904). 2627 McDowell Road. Danville. Shingle.
4. *Joseph Sweetser House (c. 1825). 441 Webster Hill Road. Danville. Federal.
5. *William Grout House (c. 1880/1895). 661 US Highway 2. Kirby. Queen Anne.
6. *Riverside / Dudley Hall House (1866). 30 Lily Pond Road. Lyndon. Italianate.
7. *Jonathan Elkins Farm (1787). 148 Bayley–Hazen Road. Peacham. Georgian.
8. *William Gray Farm (remodeled c. 1880). 571 Bayley–Hazen Road. Ryegate. Second Empire. Razed.
9. *James Whitehill House (1808). 78 Stone House Drive. Ryegate.
10. *Samuel Moore House (1832). 1886 US Highway 5. Ryegate. Greek Revival.
11. Amsden House (c. 1815). 4490 Noyestar Road. Walden. Federal.
12. *Richardson Graves House (c. 1881). 361 State Route 18. Waterford. Second Empire.